关于环境监理稽查

环境监理稽查包括两方面内容：一是上级环境保护行政主管部门跨越行政级别直接查处环境行政违法案件；二是查处违法环境行政行为，对其作用进行了探讨。     

本溪市空气质量控制方案实施评估

利用攻坚计划行动方案所涉及的污染源排放清单和扩散模型计算了环境中的污染物浓度，并将污染物浓度／人口分布和剂量一反应函数联系起来，根据方案实施前后污染物排放量的变化，分析对人体健康影响的变化，将损害的减少程度进行货币化计算，继而将影响成本和削减方案成本进行比较，评估方案的效益。     

城市土地利用下的植物物种资源特征分析

根据对前联邦德国卡尔斯鲁厄市城市自生植被的调查资料,分析了城市植物区系的特征及其与人类活动影响的关系。结论为：①城市植物区系在优势科组成和生态特征方面与其所在地区自然植被明显不同,并在城市之间表现出较大的相似性；②人类活动和城市热岛效应对城市植物区系及其生态特征的作用明显；③城市土地利用和城市绿地管理对许多物种的生存构成威胁     

Sanfilippo D syndrome: Correction of glucosamine-6-sulphatase deficiency following fibroblast culture in chang's media

The de-O-sulphation of α-linked glucosamine-6-sulphate residues in heparan sulphate requires a specific sulphatase, glucosamine-6-sulphatase, which has been shown to be deficient in tissues of Sanfilippo D, or mucopolysaccharidosis type IIID (MPS IIID), patients. MPS IIID fibroblasts cultured in Basal Eagle's medium supplemented with either fetal calf serum or heat-inactivated fetal calf serum, MDCB or Ultraserg media had residual glucosarnine-6-sulphatase activities towards a heparin-derived trisaccharide substrate, O-(α-N-acetylglucosamine-6-sulphate)-(1→4)-L -O-(α-iduronic acid-2-sulphate)-(1→4)-D -O-2,5-anhydro [1-³H]mannitol-6-sulphate, GlcNAc6S-IdoA2S-anM6S, which were less than 1 per cent of the normal range for fibroblasts cultured in Basal Eagle's medium supplemented with fetal calf serum. However, the glucosamine-6-sulphatase activities of MPS IIID fibroblasts grown in Chang's medium were similar to the activities in normal control fibroblasts which were cultured in Basal Eagle's medium. These results indicate that caution is required for prenatal diagnosis of MPS IIID patients using chorionic villi or amniotic cells cultured in Chang's medium.     

纳米复合GeO2/TiO2的制备及光催化性能研究

采用改进的Sol-gel方法,制备了一种新型的单分散椭球形微孔结构的纳米GeO2/TiO2复合光催化剂,并用TG-DTA、XRD、XPS、UV-vis、FT-IR、TEM、BET等手段进行了表征.以难生化降解的染料罗丹明B为目标降解物,采用HPLC测定不同光照时间下催化剂对染料降解的情况,考察了催化剂的光催化活性结果表明,改进的Sol-gel法制得的复合光催化剂具有明显的孔结构,而且比表面积大、粒径小、粒径分布窄、分散性好;与适量GeO2复合后能够有效提高TiO2纳米粒子的光催化活性;复合光催化剂的最佳制备条件为GeO2摩尔含量为0.1%,煅烧温度为400℃,所制得的GeO2/TiO2光催化活性比纯TiO2有显著提高.     

Impact of triazophos insecticide on paddy soil environment

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＲｉｃｅｉｓｔｈｅｓｔａｐｌｅｄｉｅｔａｒｏｕｎｄ 3 0 %ｏｆｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎａｎｄａｒｏｕｎｄ 60 %ｏｆｔｈｅＡｓｉａｎｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎ .Ｔｈｉｓｃｒｏｐｉｓｐｒｅｆｅｒｅｎｔｉａｌｌｙｏｒｇｅｎｅｒａｌｌｙｃｕｌｔｉｖａｔｅｄｕｎｄｅｒｓｕｂｍｅｒｇｅｄｓｏｉｌｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓｆｏｒｒｅａｓｏｎｓｏｆｂｅｔｔｅｒｙｉｅｌｄｓａｎｄｔｏｐｏｇｒａｐｈｉｃａｌｓｉｔｕａｔｉｏｎｓ(Ｒｅｉｃｈａｒｄｔ,1 997) .Ｔｈｅｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｃｅｏｆｓｏｉｌｍ…     

Effect of leachate recycling and inoculation on the biochemical characteristics of municipal refuse in landfill bioreactors

Activity development of key groups of enzymes involved in municipal refuse decomposition was measured in laboratory landfill bioreactors with and without leachate recycling and inoculation for about 210 days.The results showed that the enzymes(amylase,protease,cellulase,lipase and pectinase)were present in fresh refuse but at low values and positively affected by leachate recycling and refuse inoculation.The total average of cellulase activity in digesters D3 operated with leachate recycling but no inoculation,D4 and D5 operated with leachate recyling and inoculation was much higher than that in digesters D1 and D2 without leachate recycling and inoculation by 88%-127%,117%-162%and 64%-98%.The total average of protease activity was higher in digester D4 than that in digesters D1,D2,D3and D5 by 63%,39%,24%and 24%,respectively,and the positive effect of leachate recycling and inoculation on protease activity of landfilled refuse mainly was at the first two months.The total average of amylase activity was higher in digesters D3,D4 and D5 than that in digesters D1 and D2 by 83%-132%,96%-148%and 81%-129%.During the early phase of incubation,the stimulatory effect of inoculation on lipase activity was measured,but refuse moisture was the main factor affecting lipase activity of landfilled refuse.The inoculation,initial and continuous inoculation of microorganisms existing in leachate,was the mainly stimulatory factor affecting pectinase activity of landfilled refuse.     

极低频电磁场对健康影响的流行病学调查及人体测试研究进展

流行病学调查结果表明，环境的极低频电磁场暴露与人群某些肿瘤，如白血病、乳腺癌、脑肿瘤等，以及生殖、神经、心血管和内分泌等系统疾患的发病相关，这些结果在一定程度上得到实验室人体测试的支持。然而，极低频电磁场对健康影响的确切效应，迄今尚未能作出结论，亟等进一步开展多层次、多水平的研究。     

环境中的二恶英

二恶英主要来源于化工，造纸生产，工业化学放心弃物和垃圾焚烧等，本文对二恶英的理化性质，分析方法，毒性，来源，污染的产生及其环境效应对人体健康的影响进行了评述。     

取代芳烃对发光菌的毒性及定量结构与活性相关

通过测定取代芳烃对发光菌毒性，用Ｆｒｅｅ－Ｗｉｌｓｏｎ法和分子连接性法研究了取代芳烃结构与活性的相关性，取代基的毒性顺序为：－Ｂｒ＞－ＣＯＯＨ＞－ＮＯ２≈－Ｃｌ＞－ＣＨ３＞ＮＨ２。建立了ＥＣ５０与ＬＣ５０的相关性，并预测一些化合物的ＬＣ５０值，结果和实测值符合较好。